One of the limitations of some grid-tied photovoltaic systems is that the owner will only benefit as long as there is sunlight while the grid is functioning. Otherwise, if there is an outage, they may not even use the energy they are generating from the rooftop. During such times when the grid is disconnected, the owner can neither use the rooftop solar nor export the energy to the grid.

Owners of PV systems without backup functionalities can upgrade by adding AC coupling. This enables them to store energy and use it anytime, including during emergencies and grid outages. The AC coupling converts a simple grid-tied system into a Grid/hybrid or grid interactive system. This provides grid-ties savings whenever the grid is up and running, and off-grid independence, as well as security when there is a utility outage.

The main components of AC coupling include an energy storage system, a grid-interactive inverter/charger, a coupling device and the second panel with additional wiring for the critical loads to supply during outages.

Battery storage enables better power management by providing a number of benefits which include:

Doing work around the house without calling for help is a common point of pride for many people, but an amateur should never tackle an electrical panel installation — regardless of the bragging rights on the line. No amount of pride is worth an incorrect electrical panel installation, especially when you consider just how important and complicated this component can be. Additionally, you should remember that electrical work can be extremely dangerous for anyone who isn’t a professional.

This principle most definitely applies to putting in a new electrical panel. If you’re knowledgeable enough, you may be capable of replacing an outlet or switch on your own. For bigger jobs like this, however, it is critical that you bring in an electrician. Not only would you be in danger during the installation itself, but even small mistakes made during the process can lead to future risk of fires and electrocution.

Electrical code requirements control the size of a panel in a newly built or renovated home, and these rules can vary based on your location. There is a reason there are strict measures for electrical panel installation, and those reasons are clear when you consider just how important these panels are. Panels are essentially a central hub for the electrical system in your home. They are an important safety measure as well. The power that comes in from the electric company passes through your electrical meter, and then into the panel. The panel directs the electricity through your home.

Electrical panels use circuit breakers, which control the amount of current provided to an outlet. They also serve to protect your system (and home) from power surges. If the breaker identifies an excessive amount of current, it shuts it off and protects components from the overload. It does this in a fraction of a second. This keeps appliances safe and also protects your home from the risk of a fire.

An incorrect electrical panel installation undermines the safety measures of your panel. An inexperienced installer might accidentally connect a wire to a breaker designated to allow more current than the wire can safely handle. This means unsafe amounts of electricity would be passing through, and the panel would not be able to do anything about it. An overloaded wire could easily spark, which could then lead to a fire.

An electrical panel isn’t a component you want to worry about after installation. Unless you’re a professional, there’s no way you can promise this won’t be an issue after you’ve finished working. Beyond that, an experienced electrician can make sure the panel lasts for a long time.

By using sophisticated equipment and materials, as well as in-depth knowledge of local energy code requirements, a professional will be able to achieve a level of efficiency and quality that would be out of reach for any amateur. Your home will be better protected from future issues after thorough wire testing once the installation is complete. A new panel installation is an involved, intricate process, and it’s important that even the smallest steps are correct.

Pay as you go electricity plans allow consumers to pay for their electricity in advance. The plan, which uses prepayment meters, helps consumers to monitor and control the way they use electricity. This saves on energy costs.

Keypad based prepaid meters: This meter has a keypad to input the electricity token number. Consumers purchase the credit using a variety of methods. These include visiting the agent, paying through banks or mobile payments in some countries.

Key meter: Consumer uses an electronic key loaded with the tariff information and credit.

One way card system: Uses a disposable card. The user purchases power with a reloadable debit card. The loaded card is then passed near the meter, which has an in-built card reader.

Two-way card systems: Uses a smart card and the meters have a real-time, two-way communication capability. It is one of the most secure, but more complex and expensive methods to implement.

These allow consumers to interact with their meters and query balances using their mobile phones by sending an SMS to a monitoring system. In addition, the user is able to track electricity use by the hour, day, month or annually using the phone or online access.

These smart prepaid meters offer easier top up options. They include online payments or by text, as well as scheduled and auto top-ups.

When using a prepaid meter, the customer must keep track of the remaining credits and replenish to avoid disconnection.

Ensure there is enough credit when going away for long periods. The meter will continue collecting the standing charges even when on no load. Consumers should ensure they have enough credit to last until they return.

Some crooks will take advantage of the consumer’s lack of knowledge and offer them cheaper credits than those bought directly from the utility company. For example, they will sell their credits at half price. This is more common with Key Prepaid Meters and the crooks will usually have master Keys, which they use to top off the consumer’s meter.

If the energy company finds out, the consumer ends up paying twice for their electricity; first to the crook, and then to the energy company.

To avoid falling victim: